225.000 sqm in total area, approximately 480,000 visitors a day for a total of over 150 million every year, and 800 trains a day.
Looking beyond the figures, Roma Termini has assumed a leading role in the transport system a national, regional, national and international. Starting from the consideration of the station as a place of passage privileged key resource for the city and ever expanding universe, the project took shape to turn the Big Train 13 most important Italian railway stations in a comfortable and safe, with the dual functions of multi-hub Transport and streets full of urban services and business opportunities.
The renewal of the station Termini has demonstrated the validity of this idea, through an investment of around 119 million euros and fast-paced working agreements for the Jubilee of 2000. The station is located in Piazza dei Cinquecento, between Via Marsala and Via Giovanni Giolitti, in the city center.
Brief History
Designed by Salvatore Bianchi, built between the fields and vineyards of the Esquiline in 1867, its opening was defined by Pope Pius IX "station in the capital of Italy." As then it seemed too large for the needs of the capital of the Papal States (just over 180 thousand inhabitants), already fifteen years later proved insufficient to handle the increased rail traffic.
Soon after its construction began operations expansion with the addition of tracks, temporary warehouses, plans office, but the building remained in its original size until 1905. Six years later it became necessary to build a wooden shed for the ticket office and a new set of track for passenger trains.
Immediately after the war the issue is revisited and the Office of Legislative Services of the prospectus Fs change the whole complex of the station. In 1925 he was the architect Angiolo Mazzoni required to study a new project for the extension of the old building by Salvatore Bianchi. The first study consisted of an underground station comprising two terminal stations (one north and one south), whose lines cross the city underground, they would meet next to Termini, but conceived as a central station for transit and also underground.
Before preparing a draft final results indicating that both the favor of Mussolini's and the Minister Benni, Mazzoni groped studied different solutions for integration between old and new. The indications that could not escape, and that cost him his future, despite the more critical, provided for the creation of classical forms, vast, impressive spaces with arches, vaults and a huge atrium designed not as a filter between the station and the city, but as "massive doors of the temple."
So the original plan underwent a slow metamorphosis required, until final approval on February 3, 1939. A forepart with a monumental portico and a grand hall of 12 thousand square meters. completely empty, with the sole purpose of suggestion, relegated to the lateral bodies all services for the trip, undermining the efficiency of the financial year rail and convenience for the public.
A curious feature of the project "Mazzoni" was intended to represent the nation with the finest marble: for wall coverings and floors were chosen precious marbles typical Italian.
Mazzoni's departure for Colombia and the beginning of World War blocked the work at Termini. After the war, the wings of the new station was nearing completion and the building front still to be built. The changed political climate prompted the need to review the project from an economic, functional and architectural heritage and in 1947 was banned a national competition whose winners (Montuori Vitellozzi group) were instructed to complete the work of Mazzoni.
Dominant features of the new project types were to be clear, transparent and functional, in harmony with what had already been built and live with 80 meters of wall with a peak of 9 meters in height dell'Agger Servianus. It was decided to articulate the space into 4 distinct buildings linked together but the two wings of the station and Piazza dei Cinquecento front of the building ( "E"), ticket lobby, the tunnel head and the outdoor restaurant. The whole complex is spread over an area of 14 thousand square meters.
The remains dell'Agger Servianus appropriately valued by the "dinosaur", ideally represent the continuity between the ancient and the modern art of building.
Concluded its work, the Termini station took the form we know today and was inaugurated December 20, 1950 by then-President Luigi Einaudi.
New services
The quality standard of services dedicated to passengers has been increased through the modernization of the ticket office, strengthening of structures for information, the introduction of ticket machines, the new luggage room, the toilet constantly manned.
The signaling system, which once was among the main obstacles to the proper use of space, has been redesigned according to a criterion of intelligibility immediately, using a clear style and smooth.
The central gallery, from simple pedestrian link between the Via Marsala and Via Giolitti, has become the general overview of what the Termini station offers diverse audience services for travelers, tourists and citizens, compelling proposals for shopping, restaurants and fast food for every need, all developed on 220 meters.
The thousands of mosaic tiles which are of the cover to "dinosaurs" of the Atrium Ticket shine after the patient work of restoration and below the undulating lines of the Atrium stands the modern design of the great library of the station.
In the underground level of the station, once a symbol of the degradation of the complex, it was realized the Forum Termini, a service center with a huge commercial supply, 14 thousand square meters of sparkling windows to represent each category, a new way of living the station with a to the public eye on "non-travelers." One factor that has proved successful for the revival of the Terms.
Architecture, culture and contemporary art
The original architecture of Rome Termini, a mix of styles, balanced between the thirties and the fifties, has been complemented by action in a modern signed by the staff of Big Train, together with established designers such as Atelier Mendini, Michele De Lucchi , Pierluigi Cerri, Vignelli Associates and Piero Castiglioni.
Striking example of this work is the restoration of the Wing Mazzoniana, the building designed by architect thirties Mazzoni and understood at the time as compared to the station: a rare example of futuristic architecture, which unfortunately has experienced in years, a downward parabola due to a state of neglect and gradual decay. The Wing Mazzoniana via Giolitti has been enhanced by becoming a multipurpose center are housed within the public services, shopping opportunities, events, catering, welfare and culture.
Very frequently the beautiful spaces of Rome Termini are chosen as the location for organizing concerts, meetings, exhibitions, literary events and mundane, photographic and cinematographic equipment.
On 23 December 2006 with an official ceremony to Termini Station was dedicated to Pope John Paul II.
Safety
The security station has been enhanced through the use of Police Forces are supported by an integrated system of sensors and cameras constantly connected to a "Control Room" operational 24 hours on 24. Was also activated a special program coordinated by the security forces.
Big stations, in cooperation with the Security Working Group established by FS, with the function Enterprise Security and Public Security organs in the station
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